How are calls typically resolved on the field?

• A. The referee team reviews instant replay on every call.
• B. Players discuss calls and resolve them guided by Spirit of the Game; no central referees.
• C. The league schedules a time-out to decide.
• D. The most vocal player decides immediately.

Answer: (B)

The on-field resolution of calls centers on Player responsibility and Spirit of the Game. In typical Ultimate play, there aren’t central referees making every call; instead the players involved discuss the situation and work toward a mutual decision, guided by honesty, fairness, and respect. If a call is made, those involved explain what happened, listen to each other, and decide whether to keep playing or to reset as appropriate. This self-officiating approach is strengthened by Spirit of the Game, which emphasizes accountability and sportsmanship over raising a loud, unilateral claim. In higher levels, observers may be used to help with disputes, but the default is on-field discussion rather than external refereeing. Time-outs aren’t used to determine calls, and decisions aren’t made based on who speaks the loudest.