In standard on-field play, who makes foul and rule calls on the field?

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Multiple Choice

In standard on-field play, who makes foul and rule calls on the field?

Explanation:
In standard on-field Ultimate, the players are the ones who call fouls and rule infractions. This self-officiating approach, guided by Spirit of the Game, means the people directly involved—defenders, throwers, and receivers—are responsible for identifying contact, violations, stalls, or out-of-bounds situations and for resolving any disagreements on the field. Fans don’t participate in making calls, and coaches aren’t the ones enforcing calls during play. In higher-level formats, observers or referees may be used, but the default expectation in typical play is that players handle the calls themselves.

In standard on-field Ultimate, the players are the ones who call fouls and rule infractions. This self-officiating approach, guided by Spirit of the Game, means the people directly involved—defenders, throwers, and receivers—are responsible for identifying contact, violations, stalls, or out-of-bounds situations and for resolving any disagreements on the field. Fans don’t participate in making calls, and coaches aren’t the ones enforcing calls during play. In higher-level formats, observers or referees may be used, but the default expectation in typical play is that players handle the calls themselves.

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